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The Statue of Liberty | Nonfiction Reading Test 5

More than a million people immigrate to the United States to start new lives every year, and if they are arriving in New York, one of the first sights that they will see is the Statue of Liberty. The Statue of Liberty stands on Liberty Island, near Manhattan in New York. Though she is often thought to be resident of New York, Liberty Island is actually federal property, which means that the Statue of Liberty belongs to the whole country. The Statue of Liberty is not only the tallest statue in America, it is also one of the most recognizable American symbols.

The Statue of Liberty is huge. From the tip of the torch to the pedestal on which she stands, she is just over 151 feet tall. If you include the pedestal in your measurement, she stands more than 305 feet off of the ground. That’s more than 30 basketball hoops or an entire football field. Her waist size is 35 feet, which would make it awfully tough to find pants, and the tablet she holds is 23 feet long. Don’t worry though; she hasn’t had any trouble holding that tablet yet with her 8 foot index finger. Talk about heavy handed…

Though America financed and built the pedestal on which the Statue of Liberty stands, the statue itself was a gift from France. In this way the complete work, much like the United States, is a product of both American and French contributions. At one time America was ruled by the British. The founding fathers of America chose to fight against Great Britain for the independence of their country. France supported America by providing money, men, and weapons of war. Had it not been for French contributions during the Revolutionary War, America would not exist in the way that it does today; therefore, it is quite fitting that the Statue of Liberty, which represents freedom, came to being by a joint American and French effort. On October 28th, 1886, just over one-hundred years after America declared its independence from Great Britain, the Statue of Liberty was completed and dedicated by its designer, Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi.

Perhaps no person did more to bring the statue into being than Bartholdi. Not only did Bartholdi gain both French and American approval for the project, he led the French fundraising efforts and designed the appearance of the statue. The appearance of the Statue of Liberty is somewhat derived from Libertas, the Roman goddess of freedom. The torch represents how liberty enlightens the world. The seven points or rays coming from the top of the crown represent the sun, the seven seas, the 	

Liberty Enlightening the World	

seven continents, and (as with the torch) how liberty enlightens the world. Though much of the statue was modeled after depictions of goddesses, Bartholdi modeled the face after his mother. Now that’s a Mother’s Day gift that’s hard to top.

Though Bartholdi was responsible for the external appearance of statute, the internal design can be largely credited to innovative designer, Gustave Eiffel. Though Mr. Eiffel is best known for his contributions to a tower in Paris that is named after him, he also engineered the internal structure that holds up the Statue of Liberty. Eiffel chose to use a flexible structure, so that changes in the temperature and strong winds from the ocean would not cause the statue to crack. Because of Eiffel’s crafty design, the Statue of Liberty may sway as much as three inches on a windy day. If the winds exceed 50 miles per hour, the torch may sway five inches. Eiffel is also responsible for including two spiraling staircases on the interior of the statue to help visitors reach the observation point in the crown.

While most people appreciate the Statue of Liberty today, during its construction in the 1870s, many Americans were critical of the project. Some took issue with the fact that Bartholdi was French. They believed that American monuments should be designed and constructed by Americans. Others felt that the statue wasn’t much of a gift since it required Americans to foot the bill for the pedestal. After the Panic of 1873, America fell into a deep economic depression that lasted through much of the 1870s. (During an economic depression people spend less money and it is harder to find jobs.) Because the nation was going through a depression, many Americans thought that money should not be spent to support a giant French statue. I think most Americans would now agree that it was a good investment. 	
Directions: Read each question carefully and choose the best answer. Refer to the text if necessary. Write your answer on the provided space.

1. Which is not represented by the seven points on the crown of the Statue of Liberty according to the text?
a. The points represent how liberty enlightens the world.
b. The points represent the seven continents.
c. The points represent the sun.
d. The points represent the seven days of creation.

2. Information in the second paragraph is mainly organized using which text structure?
a. Spatial order				b. Order of importance
c. Chronological order			d. Cause and effect

3. Which best expresses the main idea of the third paragraph?
a. France assisted the United States in the Revolutionary War.
b. The statue was a joint effort between France and the U.S. just like U.S. independence.
c. The U.S. was once a colony of Great Britain.
d. The statue of liberty was dedicated 100 years after America declared its independence.

4. Which is not a reason why people criticized the Statue of Liberty during its construction?
a. Some people felt that the statue should have been bigger.
b. Some people felt that the statue should have been built by an American.
c. Some people felt that France should have paid for the statue and the pedestal.
d. Some people felt that America shouldn’t spend money on a statue during a depression. 

5. Which of the following statements is false?
a. The tablet that the Statue of Liberty holds is 23 feet long.
b. The Statue of Liberty’s waste size is 35 feet.
c. The pedestal underneath the Statue of Liberty is 305 tall. 
d. The Statue of Liberty is over 151 feet tall.

6. Which best expresses the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph?
a. To describe what a depression is
b. To show that some people did not think very highly of the French
c. To argue why the Statue of Liberty was a good investment
d. To explain why some people were against building the statue.

7. Which of the following is an opinion?
a. The Statue of Liberty cost a tremendous amount of money to build.
b. The Statue of Liberty was sculpted by Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi.
c. The Statue of Liberty is over 151 feet tall.
d. The Statue of Liberty may sway 3 inches on a windy day.

8. Which of the following statements is false?
a. The guy who built the Eiffel Tower also designed the inside of the Statue of Liberty.
b. The Eiffel Tower was a gift to the Americans from the people of France.
c. The Statue of Liberty is located on federal property.
d. Bartholdi got permission from both the French and the US to build the statue.

9. Which of the following is not one of the ways that Bartholdi contributed to the statue?
a. He designed the interior of the statue.
b. He gained approval for the project from the U.S. and from France.
c. He sculpted the exterior of the statue.
d. He gained financing to complete the project from France. 

10. Which best expresses the author’s purpose in writing this text?
a. To persuade people to visit the Statue of Liberty
b. To inform readers with interesting facts about the Statue of Liberty
c. To entertain readers with stories about the construction of the Statue of Liberty
d. To describe the appearance of the Statue of Liberty.	
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11. Why is it significant or important that the Statue of Liberty is a product of both French and American efforts? Make your point, quote text to support it, explain your quote, and connect it back to your point.

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12. Why were Gustave Eiffel’s contributions to the Statue of Liberty important? Make your point, quote text to support your point, explain your quote, and connect it back to your point.

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13. Why were some Americans against the construction of the Statue of Liberty? Make your point, quote text to support your point, explain your quote, and connect it back to your point.

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14. Why does the Statue of Liberty look the way that she does? Make your point, quote text to support your point, explain your quote, and connect it back to your point.

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